Partnerships Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Associations - Essay Example opriate data may demonstrate that it is better for the association to adjust ways that would dispense with any current restrictions as opposed to staying free. This brings the possibility of organization. Also, an association can enable its workers through imparting data to them. This would help the workers in settling on the most suitable choices concerning associations since they have sufficient data heretofore. Also, strengthening through making of clear objectives just as destinations would help in enabling the workers to settle on objective situated choices. For example, the representatives may propose foundation of associations as the primary method of acknowledging explicit objectives as they are very much educated on the objectives of the association. Moreover, making a situation that empowers committing errors through facing challenges would likewise be useful in foundation of associations. This would urge the representatives to attempt new things with the clients and urge o thers to do likewise. Be that as it may, criticizing a person for having a go at something would shield others from doing likewise and hamper innovativeness and advancement in the association. From an encounter point of view, my manager doesn't rebuff or even shout at us, the representatives, for having acquainted a client with another thought and requesting that they attempt it. Rather, my boss urges us to keep attempting new things and prizes those effective in growing new thoughts. This has stretched out to the point that hazard taking is an upper hand that our association uses to contend in the

Luther Gulick Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Luther Gulick Essay, Research Paper # 8220 ; One of the most particular characters to go forward an engraving upon YMCA physical guidance was Luther Gulick # 8221 ; ( Johnson, 1979, 55 ) . Gulick, whose guardians were evangelists, was conceived in Honolulu, Hawaii in 1865. For 15 mature ages he voyaged broadly on account of his experience as a child of evangelists. At last, in 1880, he had the option to decelerate his movements what's more, travel to Oberlin College until 1884. While at Oberlin, he experienced concerns brought about by hapless eyesight.Also during his stay at Oberlin, he lives with another exceptional physical teacher, Thomas Wood who in this way become well known at Stanford and Columbia and experienced Dr. Delphine Hanna, who was a taking pioneer in grown-up females # 8217 ; s physical guidance. In the fall of 1885, Gulick entered an in the middle of preliminary class, however adjacent to took some school classes to cultivate his guidance. Not long after his stay at Oberlin, he went to Sargent School of Physical Training in Cambridge, Massachusetts for a time of a half year. We will compose a custom paper test on Luther Gulick Essay Research Paper or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In April of 1886, he turned into the physical director of the YMCA in Jackson, Michigan, yet in this way surrendered to come in the Medical School of New York University. Gulick figured out how to indict his clinical planning design what's more execute his obligations as an educator at the YMCA in Springfield, Massachusetts. In October 1887 Gulick was utilized by the International Board of trustees on low maintenance balance to work as the global secretary for physical work. He held this spot for 13 mature ages. At long last in March of 1889, he finished his clinical plan. In a similar twelvemonth, he was named the supervisor of the Springfield YMCA. In May 1891 a paper read before the secretariat at a show in Kansas City, obviously expressed the work that physical guidance could play inside the model of perceived philosophical process. Gulick stated, # 8220 ; Our physical guidance ought to be all around ; have notice to strict and mental becoming ; be educative and dynamic ; give every grown-up male what he independently requests and be fascinating. Our run of the mill techniques are the pioneers # 8217 ; corps, the creating classification, and the connection of the physical to different areas of our work. # 8221 ; ( Johnson, 1979, 56 ) . In this equivalent twelvemonth, Gulick set up a correspondence class for physical directors. Gulick was impacted by Dr. G. Stanley Hall, a taking therapist of his clasp and of Johns Hopkins University, to the standards of honesty and evenness. In Gulick # 8217 ; s endeavors to look for these standards, he attempted to achieve concordance, request, and equalization in the components of life. For the first clasp in quite a while calling, he showed a class in the mental science of dramatization for athleticss mental science in 1899. While utilized at Springfield, his contemplations of physical guidance were originative, dynamic, and trial in its assault. Gulick was ever fast in making things and ever hurrying about demonstrating new contemplations and hypotheses and obtaining free of those that he discovered invalid. He accepted that the plans of physical guidance were to be better off through the use of competitory athleticss on the other hand of weight training. In 1903, he turned into the supervisor of physical guidance in Greater New York. During this clasp he was instumental in the arrangement of a teaching of physical guidance. Towards the terminal of his calling, he was a counselor to the Spalding Brothers Company, who made hoopss, a president of the War Work Council of the International Committee of the YMCA, and filled in as president for both the American Physical Education Association and the Public School Physical Training Society. In August of 1918 at summer cantonment in South Casco, Maine, Luther Halsey Gulick kicked the bucket. His poorly coordinated expire cut off the calling of one of America # 8217 ; s most unique teachers and cultural specialists at a basic point in his calling. Book index 1. Gulick, Luther H. ( 1920 ) . A Doctrine of Play. Charles Scribner # 8217 ; s Sons. 2. Johnson, Elmer L. ( 1979 ) . The History of YMCA Physical Education. Follet Publishing.

Writing a Writing Reflection Paper

Writing a Writing Reflection PaperWriting writing reflection paper is a great way to come up with ideas for your dissertation. However, you will have to think about what to write about before you can do so. Below are some of the main points that you need to consider.* A writing reflection paper should be written after you have already finished writing your dissertation. It is not a good idea to start writing the paper before you have finished with the paper. This will only lead to confusion later on.* You will need to consider where to begin. You should think about the themes of your dissertation and then start thinking about the ideas that will be contained in your writing reflection paper. Start by writing down a few ideas. It is not necessary to write down everything at once, as long as you have already jotted down a few ideas.* When you are ready to write the paper, do not start right away. You will need to take a break and then write down another part. Just take some time out be tween each writing reflection paper.* Do not worry about the type of paper that you are writing. Your purpose here is to write about a topic that is very relevant to your dissertation topic. If you need help with this, you can ask help from an adviser.* When you are writing the writing reflection paper, do not worry about formatting the paper. You will need to learn how to format a dissertation and will not need to worry about formatting. Formatting will depend on the institute that you are doing your dissertation.* When you are writing the writing reflection paper, keep in mind to make a small summary. This summary will serve as your introduction to the paper. Remember to use the title of the paper as the title of the summary. This will help to give it a clear structure.Writing writing reflection paper is a great way to come up with ideas for your dissertation. You will have to make sure that you write down a few ideas before you start writing the paper, but once you have done so, you will be able to come up with a really good writing reflection paper.

The Privilege Of Interpersonal Communication - 2986 Words

Throughout the years people have been given the privilege of interpersonal communication in many forms, such as letters, emails, texts, and social media. Letters were one of the very first mediums people used to communicate, and as the years went by technology improved, and emails were created. Emails served as a faster alternative for people in a business to contact someone else. Following that was the idea of text messaging, not only was it time efficient but also easier. That wasn’t the only thing connecting people all around the world though. Social media wasn’t the most popular to begin with, but as time went by, and it became more personal, people began to take a very big interest in it. Letters, emails, texts, and social media play†¦show more content†¦Important alphabets would include the Greek alphabet, which was the first phonemic alphabet. These are alphabets that are, â€Å"†¦sets of letters, usually arranged in a fixed order, each of which re presents one or more phonemes, both consonants and vowels, in the language they are used to write.† (Ager) From this came the two most widely used alphabets, the Latin/Roman and the Cyrillic alphabets, which have been adapted to write numerous languages. From the periods of these writing systems, letters would have begun to spring up as a form of communication between people who were not readily available to give information to immediately. We could also date the letter back from the more formal definition of the letter, where the definition talks about it being sent by mail or messenger. In this case, dates will be traced back to ancient centralized empires, where government documents and bulletins were circulated. However in the case of a messenger service, the first documented case of using couriers was in 2400 BC, in Egypt. Pharaohs typically used them for the distribution of their decrees in their territory. Since this time period, letter writing has exponentially grown to a larger source of people, especially in the early modern period. The 18th century in particular

Racial Discrimination A Social Injustice That People Of...

Racial Discrimination is a social injustice that people of color have been subject to for years. In the U.S., racial discrimination against people of color in the justice system generates a wide variety of public issues that influence the life possibilities of the Latino and Black communities. Race, status, and class are some of the main reasons for legal inequality. Laws were created in an effort to ensure the safety and stability of everyone everywhere. With that being said, however, the laws did and do not always have the best interest of certain race or minorities in mind, therefore legal equality has never ceased to exist because it never existed in the first place. This paper will argue how the U.S., has overlooked legal inequality for decades by referring to sources that we have discussed in class by Alexander, Cheryl, Brown v. Board of Education, Plessy v. Ferguson and Parents Involved v. Seattle School District to make the case that legal inequality is an ongoing issue toda y. Legal Equality is defined as†¦ In the book The New Jim Crow, by Michelle Alexander, she highlights one of many problems that plague our legal system here in the U.S. â€Å"Rather than rely on race, we use our criminal justice system to label people of color â€Å"criminals† and then engage in all the practices we supposedly left behind (Alexander, 2).† She argues that even though the U.S. got rid of the Jim Crow Laws back along with slavery, does not mean we have solved the problem of racism. In theShow MoreRelatedThe Colors Of Racism By John Steinbeck And Of Mice And Men 1330 Words   |  6 Pages The Colors of Racism in Of Mice and Men The struggle of racism in America is one which has been regularized in American society. The devaluation and undermining of colored individuals has become commonplace, due to social injustice. In particular, racial discrimination prevails among African American societies due to the color of their skin, and the stereotypical notions of racial superiority that the white race illuminates. For over three-hundred years, the African American communities haveRead MoreSocial Injustice, Racism, And Social Work1647 Words   |  7 Pages Social Injustice, Racism, and Social Work Rachel Condit December 4, 2017 Professor Keyes Social Work 1111 Social Injustice and Ism’s Social injustice is any issue when unfair practices are being carried out in society. Social injustice effects many groups today, especially minorities. Societal isms are the prejudicial attitudes directed against groups that society identifies as â€Å"lesser†-less capable, less productive, and less normal. Racism Racism is defined as an ideologyRead MoreThe Problems Of Racial Identity927 Words   |  4 PagesThe Problems of Racial Identity Over time certain groups of people have been taken advantage of and treated unfairly. In recent history especially, the groups that are being taken advantage of are those of color. The world is learning faster than ever how important it is to treat people equally and not discriminate against individuals or groups based on the color of their skin. However, the world is not perfect and this is still a slow process. Like in Citizen, this research paper is being writtenRead MoreRacial Discrimination And Its Effects On People And Society1653 Words   |  7 PagesRacial discrimination has many effects on people and the society, and these effects are mostly negative. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee, the author, demonstrates racial discrimination and its effects through Tom Robinson s case. Tom Robinson is accused of raping and beating Mayella, and Atticus Finch is the man who steps up to defend this innocent man in the town of Maycomb, where everyone was decided from racial prejud ice. 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Bois) Du Bois’s conception of the â€Å"problem of the color line† is an apt diagnosis for the problems about racialized identities of his time and is still applicable for the Twenty-first century. Du Bois’s â€Å"problem of the color line† can be seen operating inRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther Kings Letter From Birmingham Jail925 Words   |  4 Pagesprotest of discrimination against African-Americans. King firmly believed that non-violent protest, in the form of sit-ins, boycotts, and picketing, would raise awareness of the prejudices African-Americans suffered and, in turn, lead to progress in gaining equal rights between the races. His â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† which he wrote during his incarceration in response to the idea that the battle for civil rights should be fought in court, not via protests, states that â€Å"injustice anywhere is

Essay About The Literacy Autobiography - 785 Words

Literacy Autobiography I can hear my heart pumping faster and faster. With every breath, it pumps a little faster. I count each person ahead of me in my roll. Pam will read paragraph one. Carl has paragraph two and Donna will read paragraph four. That means I will read paragraph five. I go over every word making sure I can pronounce each one correctly. I am not aware of what the others have read. My only concern is not to make a mistake. It is my turn. Yes, I made it. Wow, glad that is over! What I have described is my early reading experience in elementary school. Reading was not something you did for pleasure. Reading was something you maneuvered through making sure you didn’t explored by the bombs of vocabulary. It was not something you enjoyed. My parents were very strict about education. They knew their children were intelligent, so if you were not doing well in school you were playing around. 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He details the horrors of growing up on a plantation, being subjected to extreme racism, and running away to freedom. He later became an influential

Endogenous Variables

Question: Describe about endogenous variables, instrument variables (IV), testing for endogeneity and instruments validity. Answer: Endogenous Variables The techniques section explains the troublesome question in the instrument variables estimation that is capacity to yield estimations through valid instruments. The two features that surround the study of valid instruments are- firstly, it helps in predicting the endogenous variable rationally and secondly, the disturbance terms are not correlated in the fundamental model (Miles, 2015). The problem of endogeneity is a very well known problem that takes into account not only fields like economics and econometrics techniques but also these techniques correct the problem of endogeneity partially (Asteriou and Hall, 2015). Nevertheless, the research on economic techniques have been limited. Conversely, the base difficulty lies in the managers that take tactical decisions through a regular supposition in the regression models that are cross-sectional in nature and not randomly. The cross sectional regression models are not only constructed on expectations but also formerly affects the choices made that reflect the future performance (Ferson and Lin 2014). Presumably, these aspects have raised from the internal factors, which the managers have been known but its complex to gauge by the external researchers (such as internal conformation of capabilities, firm culture, CEOs personal). However, the major issue arises when unobserved variables are not taken into account in th e statistical analysis due to biased coefficients evaluations. The biases result from precluded variables connected with both the performance of the firm and strategic decision made. On the other hand, the past studies has demonstrated that both the direction as well as the measure of the bias can have been significant if results considered in extreme cases to fundamentally deduce opposed conclusions (Brooks 2014). As per the recent article opined by Campm (2002), depict to demonstrate that the conclusion with reference when the change discount is taken into consideration and whether this discount cn be reversed with endogeneity or not. According to Campm (2002), it also shows that diversification discount not only becomes premium during proper methodical control when introduced with endogeneity. However, Villalonga has studied the same conclusion as well. Furthermore, there are many studies that propose different yet alternate ways to deal with the same. Instrument Variables (IV) As we said over, our fundamental theory is that organizations that take part in social exercises are not an arbitrary specimen of firms. On a basic level, it is conceivable to decide SP based on the arrangement of variables that not only affects SP but also assumes not to be related with FP. Precisely, it can be said that in time t, the SP of the product for the business i is influenced by Zit ; which is the set of features of the firm but remains not to be associated with the FPit in the first equation with the error term as lit. However, the results allow guesstimating SP and FP without the need to utilize straightforwardly our unique endogenous measure of SP that is the reason Zit is called the Instrument Variable (IV), without the need to utilize straightforwardly our unique endogenous measure of SP. The fundamental trouble with IV estimation is the means by which to distinguish substantial instruments in light of the fact that a large portion of the perceptible firm attributes are now incorporated into the primarily performance condition, bringing on the system to be unidentified (Lin and Liscow, 2013). Hence, the qualities of a better instrument are to such an extent that it does not corresponds with the error term in the fundamental performance condition. Furthermore, it is related with the endogenous variable for the situation with interest that is, SPit. In the event that these instruments are accessible, the equation 1 can be estimated utilizing the (3) condition of instrumental variable yielded through unbiased estimators of c. Testing for Endogeneity The existence of endogeneity can only be tested based on the Hasuman test that is difference between the random effect as well as fixed effect estimator. However, random effect estimator terms to be consistent and efficient under only in the case of null hypothesis whereas alternate hypothesis is ruled by inconsistency. On the other hand, there is inefficiency under null hypothesis and consistency under both the hypothesis in case of fixed effect estimator (Hsiao, 2014). Even though, the Hausman test is complex in computation because the sample produced is the difference between fixed and random effects expressed in the form of covariance matrix. When Hausman test is exercised, the covariance matrix helps in analyzing the difference between the foxed effect and random effect estimator. As a result, the covariance matrix will term out to be conclusive based on the asymptotic properties of the normal distribution. Based on the given fixed sample, non-positive conclusion can be derived from the covariance matrix. Nonetheless, in a case like this, Hausman test is difficult to compute. On the other hand, there have been an alternative test other than Hausman test based on the same control as well as original endogenous variables in the same econometric model as stated by Mundlak (1978). Moreover, the average of the each of the firm calculated is suspected to be endogenous a priori. Furthermore, endogeneity problems continue to exist in the sample with the existence of four dependent variables, ROA and ROE if the variables terms to be significant in Mundlaks test. Moreover, the significance of the four regression coefficients can be proved based on the KLD variable if the null hypothesis under no endogeneity can be rejected. However, this result not only confirms the need for account for endogeneity in the sample but also studies the significance of endogeneity in such type of research. The endogeneity can be accounted in different ways. Firstly, the results can be expressed under the results of OLS followed by linking the same pattern of association in the first sample with FP and SP. The assumption that can be drawn is that endogeneity does not change its relevance over time based on the all non-observable features of the firm (Garabedian, 2016). Moreover, the same type of influence can be affected by the changes as well as different levels of KLD that are termed to exogenous over a period of time of the panel data. However, based on the panel data, the advantage is taken from the fixed effect estimation to obtain unbiased estimates of c by eliminating hi from the analysis. As a result, we ease the earlier assumption and to control the endogeneity, the instrument variables estimation is used in the circumstances (Spamann, 2012). Instruments Validity The theoretical plausibility has been discussed based on the observation of the collected works that discusses the commonly used IV validity tests that the instruments identified can be based on. The same has been performed in different tables. As mentioned above based on the assumptions, an effective instrument is must firstly, (orthogonality condition) the equation should not be correlated with the error process and secondly, the correlation needs to be high with the endogenous regressors (Antonakis et al., 2014). As per the first assumption, it is difficult to test its validity directly as the validity can only be assessed in an over identifying context using the restrictions ased on the Hansen or Sargan test. However, the test of Hansen has been reported in the table. Hansens J statistic are shown in the table. It depicts the low values for the four dependent variables only with ROA exclusion, significant of 0.05 level used that the results are uncorrelated with the error terms as well as the hypothesis remains non-rejected. Hence, excluding SP500, the IV suffices the orthogonality condition. On the other hand, in the table V, Sheas partial R2 and KleibergenPaap (CraggDonald) with StockYogos critical values are weakly identified in the test statistic. As rightly opined by Baum et al. (2007), the CraggDonald statistic does not seems to be valid if the errors raised in the two-phase GMM estimation are serially associated or heteroskecedastic in nature. However, in this case, the test will ensured to be robust is Kleibergen and Paap statistic. However, the comparative high values of partial Sheas R2 and with the corresponding F values seem to be evident in the chosen productive power. Furthermore, such values attained for the KleibergenPaaps statistics were well directly above the critical values at StockYogo with maximum relative levels of biasness at 30% and 5% while having maximal 15% IV in the four models. Generally, the null hypothesis had been rejected due to under identification of the weak instruments based on the four models reported from the he Shea partial R2 and KleibergenPaaps statistics (Desender et al., 2014). In general, the experimental findings have been validated on the section of the following instruments based on the observations of the collected works of SIM with the aspect that have been uninvolved from the instrument variable (IV) models through the only exclusion of SP500. The association between the firm performance and the corporate social responsibility is supposed to be over rated if the endogeneity problem is not controlled because it are the organizations that are drawing in the CSR exercises are of higher quality and convey better execution, paying little heed to whether they get to be included in CSR or not. To address this endogeneity concern, we look at the connection amongst CSR and firm execution utilizing the IV-GMM relapse. The management culture, ethical attitude as well as decision-making style has been captured by the % Female Minority Directors. As rightly opined by Adam and Ferreira (2009) found that the male directors seem to have low attendance records than the female directors. This also had been stated that male had low attendance problems based on the gender diverse board because the women are obligated to join the observing committees. Moreover, according to the study of Adam and Funk (2012), it had been depicted that women seem to be less power oriented than men but the female directors are generous as well as universally concerned. However, there is nothing specifically essential about female directors, which leads them to deliver more noteworthy benefit for a firm than male directors. IV-GMM is an instrumental variables estimator actualized utilizing the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). IV-GMM has special cases in the conventional IV estimators namely 2SLS saying two-stage least models. For a precisely recognized model, the conventional IV-2SLS and productive GMM estimators overlap under the presumptions of restrictive homoskedasticity and autonomy. Additionally, the proficient GMM estimator is the customary IV-2SLS estimator (Hayashi, 2000). Nevertheless, for an IV-GMM collection of strong estimates will consider to be more efficient as well as differ than the 2SLS robust estimates because of the over-identified equation. However, we use IV-GMM estimator instead of 2SLS estimator in an over identified equation when the number of endogenous variable included is less than the excluded instruments (Wooldridge, 2015). References Antonakis, J., Bendahan, S., Jacquart, P., Lalive, R. (2014). Causality and endogeneity: Problems and solutions.The Oxford handbook of leadership and organizations, 93-117. Asteriou, D., Hall, S. G. (2015).Applied econometrics. Palgrave Macmillan. Brooks, C. (2014).Introductory econometrics for finance. Cambridge university press. Desender, K. A., Aguilera, R. V., Lpezpuertas Lamy, M., Crespi, R. (2014). A clash of governance logics: Foreign ownership and board monitoring.Strategic Management Journal. Ferson, W., Lin, J. (2014). Alpha and performance measurement: the effects of investor disagreement and heterogeneity.The Journal of Finance,69(4), 1565-1596. Garabedian, G., 2016.Essays on the Procyclicality of Financial Cycles and the Vulnerability of Emerging Markets(Doctoral dissertation, Ghent University). Hsiao, C. (2014).Analysis of panel data(No. 54). Cambridge university press. Lin, C. Y. C., Liscow, Z. D. (2013). Endogeneity in the environmental Kuznets curve: an instrumental variables approach.American Journal of Agricultural Economics,95(2), 268-274. Miles, C. R. (2015).Using panel data to estimate the returns to schooling in South Africa(Doctoral dissertation, University of Cape Town). Spamann, H. (2012).Essays in Applied Microeconomics(Doctoral dissertation). Wooldridge, J. M. (2015).Introductory econometrics: A modern approach. Nelson Education.